We often talk about how depression impacts our emotions and mental well-being, but what if it's also affecting your brain by ageing it faster than normal? While wrinkles and grey hair are visible signs of ageing, a study suggests that depression may leave hidden marks deep inside the brain, accelerating its ageing process.
A study published in the Psychological Medicine journal emphasised a lesser-known effect of major depressive disorder: it may make your brain look and behave older than it actually is. This discovery connected the dots between mental health and brain health in a way that’s both eye-opening and concerning.
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What the study found
Researchers analysed brain scans from 670 people, 239 of whom were diagnosed with major depressive disorder and the rest without. By looking at the thickness of different brain regions, they calculated the "brain age" of each individual. The result showed that people with depression had brains that appeared older than those without the condition.
This isn’t just about how the brain looks. Brain ageing is closely linked to reduced cognitive functions, such as memory, decision-making, and focus, and even increases the risk of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s and dementia.
How depression affects the brain
The study found that major depressive disorder, unlike temporary sadness or low mood, causes structural changes in the brain. Specifically, thinning was observed in areas like the left ventral region and the premotor eye field. These regions are vital for processing emotions and planning movements, and their shrinkage could explain why people with depression often struggle with concentration, motivation, and mental clarity.
What's behind the brain thinning?
The researchers also explored why these changes occur. They linked the thinning in the brain to imbalances in important brain chemicals like dopamine, serotonin, and glutamate, neurotransmitters that help regulate mood, motivation, and cognition. When these chemicals are out of sync, it doesn’t just affect how we feel; it can also physically change the brain’s structure.
Additionally, genetics may play a role. Certain genes that affect protein activity in the brain could also be driving these changes, especially in individuals with a family history of depression.
Why this matters
For far too long, mental health has been viewed as "all in the mind", separate from physical health. But this study proves otherwise: depression is not just emotional; it’s biological too. The findings offer a strong case for taking mental health seriously, not just in emotional terms, but in terms of long-term brain health.
In a world where cognitive decline is becoming increasingly common, especially with ageing populations, understanding and addressing depression could be a key piece of the puzzle. Whether it's early diagnosis, therapy, or lifestyle changes, prioritising mental wellness is crucial, not just for our mood, but for the longevity and vitality of our brain.
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and should not be considered a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult your doctor for any concerns or questions regarding your health or medical condition.
