Nine Indian Cities, Including Mumbai, Most Vulnerable To Rising Heatwave Threat: Studies Reveal

Mumbai: A report by the Sustainable Futures Collaborative (SFC) highlights concerning findings regarding nine Indian cities, including Mumbai, amid increasing heat waves linked to climate change to develop effective mitigation strategies, particularly emphasizing the enhancement of green cover for improved urban resilience.

The study, conducted alongside institutions like King’s College London and Harvard University, points to a reliance on short-term emergency responses rather than sustainable long-term solutions. The research conducted by the Sustainable Futures Collaborative, a research organization located in New Delhi, investigates how nine significant Indian cities: Bengaluru, Delhi, Faridabad, Gwalior, Kota, Ludhiana, Meerut, Mumbai, and Surat, are gearing up for the rising dangers of extreme heat.

Focusing on Mumbai, with its population of 12.44 million, the report indicates a rise in frequency and intensity of heat waves, exceeding critical temperature thresholds. Current initiatives, such as the Maharashtra State Heat Action Plan, are criticized for being reactive and inadequate in addressing long-term challenges. Dr. Y Nithiyanandam attributes excessive urban heat to vehicular emissions and advocates for increased green spaces despite challenges such as urban density and water scarcity.

The report also highlights the Urban Heat Island effect's contribution to vulnerability and stresses the urgent need to prioritize vegetation growth. There is a call for a shift from reactive to proactive, sustainable planning to strengthen community and institutional resilience, identifying gaps in coordination, funding, and planning.

The Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) is addressing heat-related issues by providing advice on hydration and protective measures. However, without long-term strategies, heat-related fatalities may rise as heat waves become more severe. Aditya Valiathan Pillai from King’s College London emphasizes the necessity for comprehensive risk reduction measures. Local governments are urged to adopt longer-term heat action frameworks and improve disaster management capabilities in vulnerable areas.